Question

Identify the valid statements relevant to the given circuit at the instant when the key is closed.
 

\( \text{A} \): There will be no current through resistor R.
\( \text{B} \): There will be maximum current in the connecting wires.
\( \text{C} \): Potential difference between the capacitor plates A and B is minimum.
\( \text{D} \): Charge on the capacitor plates is minimum.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. C, D only
• B. B, C, D only
• C. A, C only
• D. A, B, D only

Hint:

At the instant a capacitor is connected in a circuit, it behaves like a short circuit because there is no initial charge, and the potential difference across it is zero.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To address this issue, we will examine the circuit at the precise moment the switch is activated.

1. Circuit Components:
   • The circuit comprises a resistor \( R \), a capacitor with plates denoted as \( A \) and \( B \), a switch, and a 5V power source.
   • Upon closing the switch, the capacitor begins to charge using energy from the battery.
2. Initial Circuit Behavior:
   • At the exact instant the switch is closed, the capacitor acts as a direct conductor (short circuit) due to its uncharged state.
   • Consequently, the current flowing through the circuit reaches its maximum value as the capacitor initiates its charging process.
3. Statement Evaluation:
   • Statement A: "No current will flow through resistor \( R \)" - This statement is inaccurate. At the moment the switch is closed, a peak current passes through the circuit as the capacitor begins to charge.
   • Statement B: "Maximum current will be present in the connecting wires" - This statement is accurate. The initial surge of current is at its highest because the capacitor's voltage is zero.
   • Statement C: "The potential difference between capacitor plates A and B will be minimal" - This statement is accurate. The potential difference is zero initially because the capacitor is uncharged.
   • Statement D: "The charge on the capacitor plates will be minimal" - This statement is accurate. The charge on the capacitor is zero at the outset.
4. Conclusion:
   • Statements B, C, and D accurately describe the conditions observed at the moment the switch is closed.