Step 1: Comprehend the query.
The query seeks the recipients of the 2024 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for research on institutional formation and its impact on prosperity.
Step 2: Analyze each choice.
- Option A: Accurate. Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson, and James A. Robinson are acknowledged for their contributions to the impact of institutions on economic growth and prosperity. - Option B: Claudia Goldin was awarded the prize in 2022 for her work in gender economics, not in 2024. - Option C: Ben Bernanke, Douglas Diamond, and Phillip Dybvig received the 2022 Nobel for their research on financial institutions. - Option D: Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson were awarded the Nobel in 2020 for auction theory, which is unrelated to institutions. - Option E: David Card, Joshua Angrist, and Guido Imbens were recognized in 2021 for their work in labor economics and causal inference.
Step 3: Determine the conclusion.
The correct selection is Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson & James A. Robinson.
Final Answer: \[\boxed{\text{A}}\]