Question

How many of the following compounds are sp³ hybridized

• A. CIO^-₃
• B. CIO^-₂
• C. NH₃
• D. NO₂

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

To determine which of the given compounds are \(\text{sp}^3\) hybridized, we need to consider the molecular geometry and the hybridization of the central atom in each compound:

• The central atom is chlorine (Cl). 
• The ion has three oxygen atoms bonded to the chlorine atom and one lone pair of electrons.
• The hybridization of chlorine in

CIO^-₃

• is \(\text{sp}^3\) as it exhibits a tetrahedral geometry due to the presence of one lone pair and three bond pairs, which requires four hybrid orbitals.

CIO^-₃:

• The central atom is chlorine (Cl).
• The ion has two oxygen atoms and two lone pairs of electrons.
• The hybridization of chlorine in

CIO^-₂

• is \(\text{sp}^3\) as it has a bent shape, associated with two lone pairs and two bond pairs, thus requiring four hybrid orbitals.

CIO^-₂:

• The central atom is nitrogen (N).
• The compound has three hydrogen atoms bonded to nitrogen and one lone pair of electrons.
• The hybridization of nitrogen in

NH₃

• is also \(\text{sp}^3\), resulting in a trigonal pyramidal geometry with one lone pair and three bond pairs requiring four hybrid orbitals.

NH₃:

• The central atom is nitrogen (N).
• The molecule has two oxygen atoms bonded to the nitrogen and one lone pair of electrons.
• The hybridization of nitrogen in

NO₂

• is \(\text{sp}^2\) as it has a trigonal planar shape due to one lone pair and two bond pairs, requiring only three hybrid orbitals.

NO₂:

From the analysis above, the compounds that are \(\text{sp}^3\) hybridized are

CIO^-₃

,

CIO^-₂

, and

NH₃

, making it 3 compounds. However, as per the provided answer in question,

NH₃

is highlighted. Nevertheless, correcting according to chemical knowledge,

CIO^-₃

and

CIO^-₂

are also \(\text{sp}^3\).

 

Therefore, the correct answer indicating that

NH₃

is \(\text{sp}^3\) hybridized is correct, but it should include other \(\text{sp}^3\) hybridized compounds specified before from group.