Question

Given below are two statements: Statement I: $\text{PF}_5$ and $\text{BrF}_5$ both exhibit $\text{sp}^3\text{d}$ hybridisation.Statement II: Both $\text{SF}_6$ and $[\text{Co}(\text{NH}_3)_6]^{3+}$ exhibit $\text{sp}^3\text{d}^2$ hybridisation. In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
• B. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
• C. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
• D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

To assess the veracity of the provided statements regarding hybridization, each statement will be examined independently.

1. Statement I Evaluation: "PF₅ and BrF₅ both exhibit sp³d hybridization."
   • \(\text{PF}_5\): In phosphorus pentafluoride, phosphorus is the central atom bonded to five fluorine atoms. The hybridization of phosphorus in PF₅ is sp³d, resulting in a trigonal bipyramidal geometry. This is accurate.
   • \(\text{BrF}_5\): Bromine pentafluoride features bromine as the central atom bonded to five fluorine atoms and possessing one lone pair. The hybridization in this case is sp³d², leading to a square pyramidal geometry. Statement I asserts sp³d hybridization, which is incorrect for BrF₅.
2. Statement II Evaluation: "Both SF₆ and [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺ exhibit sp³d² hybridization."
   • \(\text{SF}_6\): In sulfur hexafluoride, sulfur is bonded to six fluorine atoms. The hybridization of sulfur in SF₆ is indeed sp³d², forming an octahedral shape. This is accurate.
   • \([\text{Co}(\text{NH}_3)_6]^{3+}\): Within this complex, cobalt is coordinated by six ammonia ligands. The metal-ligand bond formation involves d²sp³ hybridization when considering inner orbital complex formation (a low-spin complex as per ligand field theory), not sp³d². Consequently, the statement is inaccurate regarding this complex.

Following the analysis of both statements, the conclusions are:

• Statement I is false because BrF₅ does not exhibit sp³d hybridization.
• Statement II is also false because [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺ exhibits d²sp³ hybridization for this specific complex, not sp³d².

Therefore, the correct determination is: Both Statement I and Statement II are false.