Phase 1: Review float classifications.
- Total float: The maximum extension of an activity's duration without impacting the overall project end date.
- Free float: The permissible delay for an activity without pushing back the start date of its immediate successor.
- Independent float: The float available when the preceding event is at its latest possible time and the succeeding event is at its earliest possible time.
- Interference float: The segment of total float that, if consumed, will inevitably postpone the subsequent activities.
Phase 2: Application to the query.
The question explicitly asks for the "delay of start of activity without delaying start of following activity." This statement precisely matches the definition of free float.
Phase 3: Determination.
The accurate response is Free float.
The time estimates obtained from four contractors (P, Q, R and S) for executing a particular job are as under:
\[\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|} \hline \textbf{Contractor} & \textbf{Optimistic time, $t_o$} & \textbf{Most likely time, $t_m$} & \textbf{Pessimistic time, $t_p$} \\ \hline \text{P} & 5 & 10 & 13 \\ \hline \text{Q} & 6 & 9 & 12 \\ \hline \text{R} & 5 & 10 & 14 \\ \hline \text{S} & 4 & 10 & 13 \\ \hline \end{array}\]
Which of these contractors is more certain about completing the job in time?
Which of the following statements (pertaining to CPM network analysis) are correct?
A. It is an event-oriented method.
B. It is an activity-oriented method.
C. Time and cost are controlling factors.
D. Time alone is the controlling factor.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: