Question:hard

Two rectangular surfaces both having 1 m2 area are placed perpendicular to each other with a common edge. One surface is hot, having a temperature of 1000 K and emissivity of 0.4, while the other is insulated and in radiant balance with a large surrounding room at 300 K. If the fraction of radiation leaving the hot surface which reaches the cold surface is 0.2, then the equivalent overall resistance for the radiation heat loss from the hot surface is _______ m-2 (rounded off to 2 decimal places).

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Model this as a three-surface radiation network where the perpendicular surface is a reradiating node.
Updated On: Jul 27, 2026
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Correct Answer: 2.54

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Set up the radiosity network by hand.
Nodes: $E_{b1}$ (blackbody emissive power of the hot surface), $J_1$ (its radiosity), $J_2$ (radiosity of the reradiating surface, floating since it absorbs and emits equal amounts), and $E_{b3}$ (radiosity of the large room, effectively black).

Step 2: Write the resistances one at a time.
Surface resistance at 1: $R_1 = (1-\varepsilon_1)/(\varepsilon_1 A_1) = 0.6/0.4 = 1.5$ m$^{-2}$. Because the room is huge, its surface resistance is negligible, so $J_3 \approx E_{b3}$.

Step 3: Work out the view factors from the geometry.
$F_{12}=0.2$ is given, and equal areas make $F_{21}=0.2$ too. Whatever does not reach the other finite surface must escape to the room, so $F_{13}=F_{23}=1-0.2=0.8$.

Step 4: Use the reradiating surface shortcut.
Since node 2 carries no external heat supply or sink, the space resistances $1/(A_1F_{12})=5$ m$^{-2}$ and $1/(A_2F_{23})=1.25$ m$^{-2}$ effectively sit in series between $J_1$ and $J_3$ through $J_2$, giving $6.25$ m$^{-2}$, and this series path sits alongside the direct link $1/(A_1F_{13})=1.25$ m$^{-2}$.

Step 5: Combine the parallel paths and add the surface term.
Parallel combination: $\left(\dfrac{1}{6.25}+\dfrac{1}{1.25}\right)^{-1} = (0.16+0.8)^{-1} = (0.96)^{-1} = 1.0417$ m$^{-2}$. Adding the hot surface's own resistance: $R_{total} = 1.5+1.0417 = 2.54$ m$^{-2}$.

Final Answer:
Solving the radiosity network node by node lands on the same overall resistance as the shortcut formula, confirming the result. \[ \boxed{R_{total} = 2.54 \ \text{m}^{-2}} \]
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