Question:medium

The functions \(u = e^x \sin x\) and \(v = e^x \cos x\) satisfy the equation

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Functions of the form \(e^{ax}\sin bx\) and \(e^{ax}\cos bx\) have cyclic derivatives.
Updated On: Jun 17, 2026
  • \(v\frac{du}{dx} - u\frac{dv}{dx} = u^2 + v^2\)
  • \(\frac{d^2u}{dx^2} = 2v\)
  • \(\frac{d^2v}{dx^2} = -2u\)
  • All of these
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

The given functions are \( u = e^x \sin x \) and \( v = e^x \cos x \). We need to verify which of the given equations these functions satisfy. Let's examine each option one by one.

First, let's calculate the derivatives of \( u \) and \( v \):

  • \(\frac{du}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}(e^x \sin x) = e^x \sin x + e^x \cos x = e^x(\sin x + \cos x)\)
  • \(\frac{dv}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}(e^x \cos x) = e^x \cos x - e^x \sin x = e^x(\cos x - \sin x)\)

Check the first option \( v\frac{du}{dx} - u\frac{dv}{dx} = u^2 + v^2 \):

Substitute the expressions:

  • \(v\frac{du}{dx} = (e^x \cos x) \times e^x(\sin x + \cos x) = e^{2x}(\cos x \sin x + \cos^2 x)\)
  • \(u\frac{dv}{dx} = (e^x \sin x) \times e^x(\cos x - \sin x) = e^{2x}(\sin x \cos x - \sin^2 x)\)

Check the second option \(\frac{d^2u}{dx^2} = 2v\):

  • We already have \( \frac{du}{dx} = e^x(\sin x + \cos x) \).
  • Thus, \(\frac{d^2u}{dx^2} = \frac{d}{dx}(e^x(\sin x + \cos x)) = e^x(\sin x + \cos x) + e^x(\cos x - \sin x) = 2e^x \cos x = 2v\).

Check the third option \(\frac{d^2v}{dx^2} = -2u\):

  • \(\frac{dv}{dx} = e^x(\cos x - \sin x)\)
  • Thus, \(\frac{d^2v}{dx^2} = \frac{d}{dx}(e^x(\cos x - \sin x)) = e^x(\cos x - \sin x) - e^x(\sin x + \cos x) = -2e^x \sin x = -2u\)

Since all three conditions are satisfied, the answer is All of these.

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