The correct IUPAC nomenclature of the following compound is:
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When naming a compound, identify the longest carbon chain as the parent, number the chain to give the lowest locants for substituents, and apply standard naming conventions for functional groups and halogens.
To determine the correct IUPAC nomenclature of the given compound, we need to follow the standard IUPAC naming conventions for esters, which generally involve naming the alkyl group attached to the oxygen first, followed by the acyl group derived from the carboxylic acid.
Identify the longest carbon chain in the acyl group (excluding the ester oxygen). This determines the base name of the compound's nomenclature. In this case, the longest chain contains 7 carbon atoms, hence the base name is 'heptanoate'.
Identify and name substituents on the carbon chain. Locate each substituent by its position on the chain:
There is a bromo group at position 2, giving us '2-bromo'.
A methyl group is present at position 5, thus '5-methyl'.
Name the alkyl group attached to the ester oxygen. Here, it is a propyl group 'propyl'.
Combining these names following IUPAC rules, with the ester name derived by first mentioning the alkyl part, then the substituents in alphabetical order and their positions, we have:
Propyl-2-bromo-5-methyl heptanoate
Thus, the correct answer is Propyl-2-bromo-5-methyl heptanoate.
Let's review why other options are incorrect:
Propyl-2-bromo-6-methyl heptanoate: The methyl group is actually at position 5, not 6.
2-Bromo-5-methyl-1-propyl heptanoate: This incorrectly places the propyl group as a substituent on the carbon chain, rather than as part of the ester linkage.
Propyl-2-bromo-5-ethyl hexanoate: This misidentifies the number of carbons in the main chain and the substituent's names/positions.
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