Question:medium

Principle: Civil Suit can be filed where defendant resides or carries on business or where cause of action arises.
Facts: An agreement is signed and executed in New Delhi between A and B for supply of goods wherein B is to supply goods to be delivered at New Delhi to client of A. A carries on business at Haryana and B carries on Business in UP. Civil suit by ‘B’ for payment of consideration can be filed against ‘A’ at

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A civil suit can be filed where the defendant resides, carries on business, or where the cause of action occurs.
Updated On: Jul 15, 2026
  • Only at New Delhi, where cause of action arises
  • Only at Haryana where ‘A’ carries on business
  • Only at UP where ‘B’ carries on business
  • At Haryana or at New Delhi
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The Correct Option is D

Approach Solution - 1

Step 1: Understanding the Principle:
A suit can be filed where the defendant resides or carries on business, or where the cause of action arose; the plaintiff's own location does not create a forum.

Step 2: Applying the Principle to the Facts:
A, the defendant, carries on business in Haryana, so that is one valid forum. The agreement was signed and the goods were to be delivered in New Delhi, so the cause of action arose there too, making New Delhi a second valid forum.

Step 3: Evaluating the Other Options:
Restricting the suit to only Haryana or only New Delhi ignores that both satisfy the principle independently. UP is where B, the plaintiff, does business, which the principle does not treat as a forum at all.

Step 4: Final Answer:
B can file the suit against A at either Haryana or New Delhi.
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Approach Solution -2

Major premise: a suit may be filed where the defendant resides or carries on business, or where the cause of action arose; the plaintiff's own location is not a recognised alternative. Minor premise: A, the defendant, carries on business in Haryana, and the agreement was executed with delivery due in New Delhi, so the cause of action arose there; B carries on business in UP, but B is the plaintiff. Testing the options:

  1. Only New Delhi: This drops the valid alternative of Haryana that the major premise supplies through A's business location.
  2. Only Haryana: This drops the valid alternative of New Delhi, where the minor premise places the cause of action.
  3. Only UP: This conclusion requires treating the plaintiff's business location as a forum, but the major premise recognises only the defendant's location or the cause of action, so UP cannot support this conclusion.
  4. At Haryana or at New Delhi: This follows correctly, since both places independently satisfy one of the major premise's two alternatives as applied to A, the defendant.

Only the fourth option is the conclusion consistent with applying both defendant-focused alternatives in the major premise to the minor premise's facts.

Therefore, the correct answer is at Haryana or at New Delhi.

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