Question:easy

Instructions (127 to 129): The following questions comprise of one or more statements. Answer the questions on the basis of the given statement(s). Accept the factual assumptions required by the question, even if you believe that the statement is false.

Statement:
"Where there is a cloud, there is a rain."
Which of the following statements, if true, would show that the above statement is false?

Show Hint

The claim only promises what happens when a cloud is present. Look for the option where the cloud shows up but the rain does not.
Updated On: Jul 17, 2026
  • Sometimes there is cloud, but there is no rain.
  • Sometimes there is rain, but there is no cloud.
  • There is no rain where there is no cloud.
  • None of the above.
Show Solution

The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Treat the statement as a guarantee written by the sky: show me a cloud and I will give you rain. A guarantee fails only when the condition is met and the delivery does not happen. Nothing about what the sky does when there is no cloud is covered by the guarantee at all. Test the options one by one.

  1. Sometimes there is cloud, but there is no rain: The condition was met, a cloud appeared, and the promised rain did not arrive. The guarantee is broken. Even one such occasion is enough, which is why the word "sometimes" is sufficient here.
  2. Sometimes there is rain, but there is no cloud: No cloud means the guarantee was never triggered. Extra rain arriving anyway is a bonus, not a breach. Readers who fall for this option are reversing the statement into "where there is rain, there is a cloud", which was never claimed.
  3. There is no rain where there is no cloud: This talks about cloudless situations, which the guarantee simply does not cover. Far from breaking the claim, it fits the idea that rain depends on cloud.
  4. None of the above: This would only be right if no option produced a cloud without rain, and the first option does exactly that.

The two mistakes this question hunts for are the converse error, seen in option (B), and the inverse error, seen in option (C). Neither the converse nor the inverse of a conditional has any power to falsify the original.

Let's summarize:

  • "If P then Q" is false only when P holds and Q fails.
  • Cloud is the condition and rain is the result, so cloud with no rain is the single falsifying case.
  • Statements about cloudless situations, or about rain arriving without cloud, leave the claim untouched.

So option (A) is the answer.

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Top Questions on Statements and Conclusions

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Passage (extract): The work which Gandhiji had taken up was not only regarding the achievement of political freedom but also the establishment of a new social order based on truth and non-violence, unity and peace, equality and universal brotherhood and maximum freedom for all. A new order cannot be established without radically changing the mind and attitude of men towards property and, at some stage or the other, the 'haves' have to yield place to the 'have-nots'. We have seen, in our time, attempts to achieve a kind of egalitarian society and the picture of it after it was achieved. But this was done, by and large, through the use of physical force. It may even be that, like a gas kept confined within containers under great pressure, or water held back by a big dam, once the barrier breaks, the reaction will one day sweep back with a violence equal in extent and intensity to what was used to establish and maintain the outward egalitarian form. This enforced egalitarianism contains, in its bosom, the seed of its own destruction. If egalitarianism is to endure, it has to be based not on the possession of the maximum material goods by a few or by all but on voluntary, enlightened renunciation of those goods which cannot be shared by others or can be enjoyed only at the expense of others.

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Passage (extract): In the political struggle, the fight was against a foreign power and all one could do was either join it or wish it success and give it his/her moral support. Experience shows that man values his possessions even more than his life because in the former he sees the means for perpetuation and survival of his descendants even after his body is reduced to ashes. We have seen, in our time, attempts to achieve a kind of egalitarian society and the picture of it after it was achieved. But this was done, by and large, through the use of physical force. This enforced egalitarianism contains, in its bosom, the seed of its own destruction. The root cause of class conflict is possessiveness or the acquisitive instinct.

Which of the following statements is 'not true' in the context of the passage?
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