Question:medium

Directions: The question consists of two statements, one labelled as 'Assertion' (A) and the other as 'Reason' (R). Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct answer.

Assertion (A): All minorities, whether based on religion or language, shall have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.

Reason (R): Institutions established by the minorities are not entitled to governmental aid and government is not under an obligation to give aid.

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Statement A is Article 30(1). Now recall what Article 30(2) says about the State granting aid to institutions run by minorities, and test R against it.
Updated On: Jul 17, 2026
  • Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • A is true but R is false.
  • A is false but R is true.
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Article 30 has two clauses, and this question hands you one clause as the assertion and a distortion of the other as the reason. Clause (1) gives minorities the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice. Clause (2) stops the State from discriminating against those institutions when it hands out aid. Line the statements up against those two clauses and the answer falls out.

  1. Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A: Rejected. R is false, and even if it were true it would work against A rather than explain it, since a rule stripping minority institutions of any claim to aid would weaken the right in A instead of grounding it.
  2. Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A: Rejected for the same reason. R does not survive the truth test.
  3. A is true but R is false: Correct. A is Article 30(1) verbatim, covering religious and linguistic minorities alike. R is contradicted by Article 30(2), which says the State shall not discriminate against an institution in granting aid on the ground that it is under minority management. Being a minority institution can never be the reason for a refusal.
  4. A is false but R is true: Rejected. The truth values are the other way round.

A fair caveat: Article 30(2) does not hand every minority institution a cheque. The State can set aid policies and conditions that apply to everyone. What it cannot do is single out an institution for denial because a minority runs it. R goes far beyond the permissible statement and claims there is no entitlement at all, which is why it is false rather than merely incomplete.

Let's summarize:

  • Article 30(1) is the right to establish and administer, and A restates it exactly.
  • Article 30(2) bars discrimination in granting aid on the ground of minority management.
  • R denies that protection, so it is false, and the answer is (C).

A is true and R is false, so option (C) is the answer.

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