Question

Consider the structure of HNO$_3$:
Select the correct option having formal charge of I, II, III and IV respectively.

• A. -1, 1, +1, 0
• B. 0, 0, +1, -1
• C. -1, 0, 0, +1
• D. +1, -1, 0, 0

Hint:

When calculating formal charge, ensure to account for the number of valence electrons, non-bonding electrons, and bonding electrons for each atom.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Identify Reagents.
(a) [Ag(NH$_3$)$_2$]$^+$ is Ammoniacal Silver Nitrate, known as **Tollen's Reagent** (iii). (b) Zn-Hg (Zinc Amalgam) with HCl is the standard reagent for **Clemmensen Reduction** (ii). (c) Hydrazine (NH$_2$-NH$_2$) with KOH/Glycol is the reagent for **Wolff-Kishner Reduction** (iv). (d) Copper sulfate in alkaline medium (Cu$^{2+}$/OH$^-$) constitutes **Fehling Solution** (i).
Step 2: Match sequence.
a $\to$ iii, b $\to$ ii, c $\to$ iv, d $\to$ i.