Question

Consider the following setup separated by a semi–permeable membrane (SPM): Left compartment (x): \(K_4[Fe(CN)_6]\) solution \(0.1\,M\), \(100\,ml\) Right compartment (y): \(FeCl_3\) solution \(0.1\,M\), \(100\,ml\) Which of the following is correct for the above figure?

• A. \(y\) is hypotonic solution
• B. Both compartment will have blue colour
• C. To perform reverse osmosis, any pressure can be applied on x-side
• D. Solute can pass through semi-permeable membrane

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To determine the correct statement regarding the given setup, let's analyze the scenario:

The setup involves a semi-permeable membrane (SPM) separating two solutions:

• Left compartment (x): \( K_4[Fe(CN)_6] \) solution, \( 0.1\,M, 100\,ml \)
• Right compartment (y): \( FeCl_3 \) solution, \( 0.1\,M, 100\,ml \)

Let's consider the options one by one:

1. \(y\) is hypotonic solution.
2. Both compartments will have blue colour.
3. To perform reverse osmosis, any pressure can be applied on the x-side.
4. Solute can pass through semi-permeable membrane.

Analysis:

• The term "hypotonic" refers to a solution with a lower osmotic pressure compared to another solution. Here, both solutions have the same concentration \( 0.1\,M \), which may suggest isotonic conditions. However, due to the ionization differences and potential complex formation, there is an effective osmotic pressure difference. \( FeCl_3 \) ionizes to give more particles, impacting osmotic pressure.
• The option stating both compartments will have a blue color is incorrect because the colors arise from complex formation and reactions specific to \( Fe(CN)_6^{4-} \) and \( Fe^{3+} \), particularly forming Prussian blue, however this depends on their mixing.
• Reverse osmosis requires applying pressure higher than osmotic pressure; random pressure isn't sufficient.
• Typically, solutes cannot pass through a true semi-permeable membrane; only solvent movement occurs.

Given the effects listed, option 1 is more accurate as it assumes a hypotonic effect due to the relative differences in ionization and particle effects. Therefore, the correct answer is: y is hypotonic solution.