Question

Consider the elements N, P, O, S, Cl and F. The number of valence electrons present in the elements with most and least metallic character from the above list is respectively.

• A. 7 and 5
• B. 6 and 7
• C. 5 and 6
• D. 5 and 7

Hint:

To compare metallic character, always check position in the periodic table: lower and more left means more metallic.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

To determine the number of valence electrons present in elements with the most and least metallic character from the given list (N, P, O, S, Cl, and F), we should first understand metallic character and how it influences the placement of these elements.

Metallic character is defined as the level of reactivity of a metal. It refers to the tendency of an element to lose electrons and form positive ions (cations). Across a period in the periodic table (from left to right), metallic character decreases. Conversely, metallic character increases down a group (from top to bottom).

Given elements and their positions in the periodic table:

• Nitrogen (N) - Group 15, Period 2
• Phosphorus (P) - Group 15, Period 3
• Oxygen (O) - Group 16, Period 2
• Sulfur (S) - Group 16, Period 3
• Chlorine (Cl) - Group 17, Period 3
• Fluorine (F) - Group 17, Period 2

Analyzing metallic characters:

• Among the elements given, Phosphorus (P) has the most metallic character. This is because it is located further down the group compared to Nitrogen, which has similar chemical properties but is higher up in the group.
• Fluorine (F) has the least metallic character. It is highly electronegative and is located in Group 17, Period 2, where non-metallic character is dominant.

Valence Electrons:

• Phosphorus (P) has 5 valence electrons (as it is in Group 15).
• Fluorine (F) has 7 valence electrons (as it is in Group 17).

Conclusion:

Therefore, the number of valence electrons present in the elements with the most and least metallic characters is 5 and 7, respectively.