Question:medium

A block of mass \(m\) is lying on an inclined plane. The coefficient of friction between the plane and the block is \(\mu\). The force required to move the block up the inclined plane will be

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To move a block up an inclined plane, force must overcome both \(mg\sin\theta\) and friction \(\mu mg\cos\theta\).
  • \(mg\sin\theta-\mu mg\cos\theta\)
  • \(mg\sin\theta+\mu mg\cos\theta\)
  • \(mg\cos\theta-\mu mg\sin\theta\)
  • \(mg\cos\theta+\mu mg\sin\theta\)
Show Solution

The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This problem involves analyzing the forces acting on a block on an inclined plane. To find the force required to just start moving the block upwards, we need to consider the forces that oppose this motion: the component of gravity acting down the incline and the force of kinetic friction (or static friction at the point of moving).
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
1. Draw a free-body diagram of the block on the inclined plane. 2. Resolve the gravitational force ($mg$) into components parallel and perpendicular to the incline. 3. Identify all forces acting on the block: applied force (F), gravitational component down the incline, normal force (N), and frictional force ($f$). 4. Apply Newton's First Law (condition for equilibrium or impending motion) in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the incline. - Perpendicular to incline: $\sum F_{\perp} = 0$ - Parallel to incline: $\sum F_{\parallel} = 0$ 5. The force of kinetic friction is given by $f = \mu N$.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze the forces: - Gravitational Force ($mg$): Acts vertically downwards. - Component perpendicular to the incline: $mg \cos\theta$. - Component parallel to the incline (acting downwards): $mg \sin\theta$. - Normal Force (N): Acts perpendicular to the incline, outwards. From equilibrium in the perpendicular direction, $N = mg \cos\theta$. - Applied Force (F): Acts parallel to the incline, upwards (to move the block up). - Frictional Force (f): Opposes the motion (or tendency of motion). Since we want to move the block up, friction acts down the incline. The maximum static friction (or kinetic friction if moving) is $f = \mu N = \mu mg \cos\theta$. For the block to move up the plane at a constant velocity (or to be on the verge of moving up), the applied force F must balance all the forces acting down the incline. \[ F = (\text{Gravitational component down the incline}) + (\text{Frictional force down the incline}) \] \[ F = mg \sin\theta + f \] Substitute the expression for the frictional force: \[ F = mg \sin\theta + \mu mg \cos\theta \] Step 4: Final Answer:
The force required to move the block up the inclined plane is $mg \sin\theta + \mu mg \cos\theta$. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
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