List of top Questions asked in HBSE Class 12- 2026

Define Double Fertilization and explain its significance in flowering plants.
Define Adaptive Radiation and give examples like Darwin's Finches.
Calculate National Income:
Compensation of employees = ₹500 crore
Rent = ₹100 crore
Interest = ₹150 crore
Profit = ₹250 crore
Mixed Income = ₹50 crore
Distinguish between change in quantity demanded and change in demand.
Explain the law of diminishing marginal utility with schedule.
Discuss the role of NITI Aayog in economic development of India.
Explain the causes and effects of inflation.
Explain the determination of equilibrium price with the help of a diagram.
Explain any two functions of Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
What are the objectives of government budget?
Explain the concept of GDP at market price and GDP at factor cost.
Assertion (A): Increase in bank rate reduces money supply.
Reason (R): Bank rate is the rate at which RBI lends to commercial banks.
Which sector is included in the secondary sector?
What is the full form of MPC?
State one reason for a rightward shift in demand curve.
What is meant by excess demand?
Define opportunity cost with an example.
Define AIDS, its causative agent, and methods of prevention.
What is Megasporogenesis? Describe the development of a female gametophyte.
Discuss different contraceptive methods and their roles in population control.
State and explain Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment using a dihybrid cross.
Explain the Semi-conservative mode of DNA replication with the Meselson and Stahl experiment.
What is Innate Immunity? Differentiate between active and passive immunity.
Explain the main features of the Mauryan Administration as described in the Arthashastra and Indica.
Discuss the role of Stupas in Buddhism and explain the architecture of the Sanchi Stupa.