Question

Which one of the following is the extensive property of a thermodynamic system?

• A. Volume
• B. Pressure
• C. Temperature
• D. Density

Hint:

A useful trick: Any property that is a ratio of two extensive properties becomes an intensive property (e.g., Density = Mass Volume).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

In thermodynamics, properties of a system are classified into two categories: extensive and intensive properties. Understanding the difference between these two types of properties is essential for solving this problem. 

Extensive properties are those that depend on the amount of substance or the size of the system. They change when the size of the system changes. Common examples include:

• Volume
• Mass
• Energy

Intensive properties are those that do not depend on the amount of substance or the size of the system. They remain unchanged regardless of the system size. Common examples include:

• Pressure
• Temperature
• Density

Given the options:

• Volume: This is an extensive property as it depends on the amount or size of the system. For example, if you double the amount of substance, the volume doubles.
• Pressure: As an intensive property, pressure remains the same regardless of the system size. For example, the pressure in a closed container remains the same whether it is half-full or completely full, assuming other conditions (such as temperature) remain constant.
• Temperature: This is also an intensive property since it does not change with the size of the system.
• Density: Density is an intensive property because it is the ratio of mass to volume and does not change with the size of the system.

Therefore, by examining all options, we conclude that the extensive property of a thermodynamic system from the given options is Volume.

Hence, the correct answer is: Volume.