Question

Which of the following species exhibits \(+I\) effect?

• A. \(-\text{COOR}\)
• B. \(-\text{CN}\)
• C. \(-\text{Cl}\)
• D. \(-\text{CH}_{3}\)

Hint:

Alkyl groups push electrons and show +I; electronegative groups pull electrons and show -I.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Electronegativity Argument
Cl and N are more electronegative than carbon, so they withdraw electrons.

Step 2: The Carbonyl Group
The ester group $-\text{COOR}$ is also electron withdrawing because of its C=O bond.

Step 3: Result
Only $-\text{CH}_3$ donates electrons.

Final Answer:
Only the methyl group donates electrons through the inductive effect. \[ \boxed{\text{(D) }-\text{CH}_{3}} \]