Given below are two statements: Statement I: The conversion proceeds well in a less polar medium. \[ {CH}_3{CH}_2{CH}_2{CH}_2{Cl} \xrightarrow{{HO}^-} {CH}_3{CH}_2{CH}_2{CH}_2{OH} + {Cl}^- \] Statement II: The conversion proceeds well in a more polar medium. \[ {CH}_3{CH}_2{CH}_2{CH}_2{Cl} \xrightarrow{{R}_3{N}} {CH}_3{CH}_2{CH}_2{CH}_2{NH}_2 + {Cl}^- \] In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
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In SN2 reactions, the choice of solvent is crucial. Less polar solvents are ideal for reactions with strong nucleophiles, while more polar solvents favor the reaction by stabilizing the leaving group.
Evaluating the statements regarding the conversion of \({CH}_3{CH}_2{CH}_2{CH}_2{Cl}\):
Statement I: The conversion is favored in a less polar medium. \[ {CH}_3{CH}_2{CH}_2{CH}_2{Cl} \xrightarrow{{HO}^-} {CH}_3{CH}_2{CH}_2{CH}_2{OH} + {Cl}^- \]
This is a nucleophilic substitution where \(HO^-\) replaces \({Cl}\) to form butanol.
SN2 reactions, like this one, are enhanced in less polar solvents. Polar solvents can solvate and deactivate the nucleophile (\(HO^-\)).
Therefore, Statement I is accurate, as the reaction proceeds better in a less polar medium, consistent with an SN2 mechanism.
Statement II: The conversion is favored in a more polar medium. \[ {CH}_3{CH}_2{CH}_2{CH}_2{Cl} \xrightarrow{{R}_3{N}} {CH}_3{CH}_2{CH}_2{CH}_2{NH}_2 + {Cl}^- \]
This transformation utilizes an amine catalyst (\({R}_3N\)).
Polar solvents effectively solvate polar reactants and intermediates, such as those involving amines, thereby promoting the reaction.
Consequently, a more polar medium facilitates this reaction, validating Statement II.
Based on the analysis of both reactions:
Correct Answer: Both statement I and statement II are true.
