Question

Which of the following is correct?

• A. Non-metals are generally more electronegative than metals
• B. Non-metallic oxides are generally basic
• C. Non-metallic oxides are generally basic
• D. Non-metallic have always lower ionisation enthalpy than metals

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The question is asking us to identify the correct statement regarding the properties of non-metals and their comparison to metals. Let's analyze each option:

1. Non-metals are generally more electronegative than metals:
   Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. Non-metals typically have higher electronegativity values because they have more valence electrons, allowing them to gain electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration. Therefore, this statement is correct.
2. Non-metallic oxides are generally basic:
   Non-metallic oxides are typically acidic in nature. For example, carbon dioxide (CO₂) dissolves in water to form carbonic acid. Thus, this statement is incorrect.
3. Non-metallic oxides are generally basic:
   This is a repetition of the previous option and is incorrect, as explained.
4. Non-metals have always lower ionisation enthalpy than metals:
   Ionisation enthalpy is the energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom. Non-metals usually have higher ionisation enthalpies compared to metals because it is harder to remove an electron from a non-metal, which typically has a fuller valence shell. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

Upon analyzing the options, the correct answer is: "Non-metals are generally more electronegative than metals."