Question:medium

Which of the following is a weak electrolyte?

Show Hint

Weak acids (like $H_{2}CO_{3}$ or vinegar) and weak bases are always weak electrolytes.
  • $H_{2}CO_{3}$
  • $H_{2}SO_{4}$
  • $NaCl$
  • $NaOH$
Show Solution

The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
An electrolyte is "weak" if it only partially dissociates into ions in an aqueous solution. Strong electrolytes dissociate nearly 100%.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
Identify the nature of the substance: Strong acids, strong bases, and most salts are strong electrolytes. Organic acids and some inorganic acids like Carbonic acid are weak.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:

H₂CO₃ (Carbonic Acid): An inorganic acid that exists in equilibrium with its ions; it does not fully ionize. Thus, it is a weak electrolyte.
H₂SO₄ (Sulphuric Acid): A strong mineral acid.
NaCl (Sodium Chloride): A salt that fully dissociates into $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$.
NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide): A strong base.

Step 4: Final Answer:
H₂CO₃ is a weak electrolyte.
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