Step 1: Understanding Nyaya Inference.
Nyaya Inference, a component of the Nyaya school of Indian philosophy, centers on logical reasoning. Its constituents are:- Hetu: The basis or cause.- Udaharana: The illustrative case.- Upanaya: The application of the basis to the illustrative case. Prasna, meaning question or inquiry, is external to Nyaya Inference and is part of the broader logical inquiry process.
Step 2: Analyzing the Options.
- 1. Prasna: Incorrect. Prasna denotes a question, not an element within Nyaya inference.- 2. Udaharana: Correct. Udaharana represents the example, a crucial part of Nyaya Inference.- 3. Hetu: Correct. Hetu is the reasoning employed in Nyaya inference.- 4. Upanaya: Correct. Upanaya involves applying the reasoning to the example within the inference process.
Step 3: Conclusion. The correct answer is 1. Prasna.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{The correct answer is 1. Prasna.}} \]