Kwashiorkor is the disease resulting from protein deficiency.
Explanation of related conditions:
- Kwashiorkor: A severe protein deficiency disease, common in famine-stricken areas lacking protein-rich food. Symptoms include edema, liver enlargement, and developmental problems.
- Arthritis: Joint inflammation; not directly caused by protein deficiency.
- Goitre: Caused by iodine deficiency, leading to thyroid gland enlargement; not protein deficiency.
- Night Blindness: Typically caused by vitamin A deficiency, impacting low-light vision.
Therefore, Kwashiorkor is the disease associated with protein deficiency.