Idea: Read each function name as what its result is keyed by.
row means numeric index, so fetch_row gives $[0,1,2]$. object means a class instance accessed with the arrow operator. array is the mixed default. assoc directly names the associative form, where the key is the column name:
\[ \text{result}[\text{column\_name}] = \text{value} \]
The one function whose sole purpose is a column-keyed single row is mysqli_fetch_assoc().
\[\boxed{\text{Option C: mysqli\_fetch\_assoc()}}\]