Comprehension
When we hear the name SPACE, only one organization comes to mind: the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), located in Bengaluru, is the country’s first space agency. ISRO was founded in 1969 with the goal of developing and utilizing space technology for national development while also conducting planetary exploration and space science research. The space research operations began in India in the early 1960s, at a time when satellite applications were still in the experimental stages in the United States. Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the founding father of India’s space programme, rapidly recognized the benefits of space technologies after the live transmission of the Tokyo Olympic Games across the Pacific by the American satellite ‘Syncom-3’ demonstrated the power of communication satellites. The ISRO has launched various spacecrafts like the Chandrayaan, Astrosat, Microsat, GSAT etc. The Government of India has also approved a regional spaceborne navigation system, which will consist of seven satellites. Out of these, four of them will be placed in geosynchronous inclined orbit of 29° relative to the equatorial plane. Such an arrangement would mean all seven satellites would have continuous radio visibility with Indian control stations.
Question: 1

Name the first dedicated mission launched by ISRO for studying the celestial sources in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands simultaneously.

Show Hint

ISRO’s astronomy missions: - Astrosat → multi-wavelength space observatory - Chandrayaan → lunar exploration - Gaganyaan → human spaceflight
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
  • Amazonia
  • Astrosat
  • Gaganyaan–1
  • Lunar Polar Exploration Mission
Show Solution

The Correct Option is B

Approach Solution - 1

Check the question's exact requirements one by one: the mission must be an ISRO mission, it must be the first of its kind, and it must study X-ray, optical and UV sources together.

  1. Amazonia: fails the first requirement outright, since it belongs to Brazil, not ISRO.
  2. Astrosat: meets all three requirements. It is an ISRO mission, it was India's first dedicated astronomy satellite, and its five instruments cover X-ray, UV and optical light for the same target at the same time.
  3. Gaganyaan-1: is an ISRO mission, so it passes the first requirement, but it is a crewed-spaceflight test vehicle, not a telescope, so it fails the third requirement.
  4. Lunar Polar Exploration Mission: is an ISRO-JAXA mission aimed at lunar water ice, so it also fails the third requirement since it studies the Moon's surface, not multi-band celestial sources.

Since only one option clears every requirement, the correct option is Astrosat.

Was this answer helpful?
0
Show Solution

Approach Solution -2

Another way to work through this is by sorting the four names into the category of space activity they belong to, since the question is really pointing at one specific category, multi-wavelength astronomy.

  1. Amazonia: falls in the category of earth-observation satellites. These point their cameras down at the planet's surface, not out at stars and galaxies.
  2. Gaganyaan-1: falls in the category of human-spaceflight test missions. Its job is to prove that a crew capsule and its systems are safe, which has nothing to do with observing celestial objects.
  3. Lunar Polar Exploration Mission: falls in the category of planetary and lunar exploration missions. It is meant to land instruments on the Moon, again a surface mission rather than a sky-watching observatory.
  4. Astrosat: falls in the category of space observatories, the only one of the four. It was built specifically to point at distant stars, galaxies and other celestial sources and record their X-ray, ultraviolet and optical output together.

Since the question is about a multi-band astronomy observatory, and only one of the four names falls into that category, the correct answer is Astrosat.

Was this answer helpful?
0
Question: 2

APPLE, the first communication satellite of ISRO, was launched from:

Show Hint

APPLE = ISRO’s 1st communication satellite → launched on Ariane → from Kourou.
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
  • Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota
  • TERLS, Thiruvananthapuram
  • Kourou, French Guiana
  • SSLV Launching Station, Tamil Nadu
Show Solution

The Correct Option is C

Approach Solution - 1

Check each site against the one fact the question hinges on: was it capable of launching a satellite into orbit in 1981?

  1. Satish Dhawan Space Centre: not yet built up for orbital launches at that time.
  2. TERLS: capable only of sounding-rocket launches, never satellites.
  3. SSLV Launching Station: did not exist until many years later.
  4. Kourou: was fully operational for orbital launches in 1981, using the Ariane rocket that ISRO had booked to fly APPLE.

The correct option is Kourou, French Guiana.

Was this answer helpful?
0
Show Solution

Approach Solution -2

Split the four choices into two groups, Indian sites and foreign sites, and see which group actually matches the story behind APPLE's launch.

  1. Satish Dhawan Space Centre: an Indian site.
  2. TERLS: an Indian site.
  3. SSLV Launching Station: an Indian site.
  4. Kourou, French Guiana: a foreign site, run by the European Space Agency.

APPLE was launched in 1981, before India had its own orbital rocket, so ISRO had to rely on a foreign launch provider. That places the answer in the "foreign site" group, which has only one member.

The correct answer is Kourou, French Guiana.

Was this answer helpful?
0
Question: 3

Name the spacecraft that has been successfully sent into space to probe the planets in the solar system.

Show Hint

Mariner series → planetary probes. Mariner 10 → Venus + Mercury.
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
  • Sputnik 19
  • Cosmos 482
  • Pioneer-E
  • Mariner 10
Show Solution

The Correct Option is D

Approach Solution - 1

The question needs a probe that was "successfully sent" to another planet, so check whether each one actually got there.

  1. Sputnik 19: stayed in Earth orbit.
  2. Cosmos 482: also stuck in Earth orbit.
  3. Pioneer-E: lost in a launch failure, never flew at all.
  4. Mariner 10: flew past Venus and then Mercury, sending back data and images from both.

The correct option is Mariner 10.

Was this answer helpful?
0
Show Solution

Approach Solution -2

Group these four spacecraft by outcome rather than by name, since the question is really testing which one succeeded.

  1. Sputnik 19: belongs to the failed-launch group.
  2. Cosmos 482: belongs to the failed-launch group.
  3. Pioneer-E: belongs to the failed-launch group.
  4. Mariner 10: belongs to the successful-mission group, the only craft of the four that actually completed planetary flybys.

Three of the four names belong to missions that never left Earth orbit or never flew, leaving one clear survivor.

The correct answer is Mariner 10.

Was this answer helpful?
0
Question: 4

The first successful nuclear bomb test conducted by India in 1974 is called the:

Show Hint

1974 → Smiling Buddha 1998 → Pokhran-II (Operation Shakti)
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
  • Prithvi
  • Pokhran-II
  • Smiling Buddha
  • Surya
Show Solution

The Correct Option is C

Approach Solution - 1

The question specifies two facts, the year 1974 and that this was a test rather than a missile. Check each option against both.

  1. Prithvi and Surya: both fail immediately, since they are missile names, not nuclear tests.
  2. Pokhran-II: is a nuclear test, but its year is 1998, not 1974.
  3. Smiling Buddha: is a nuclear test, and its year is exactly 1974.

The correct option is Smiling Buddha.

Was this answer helpful?
0
Show Solution

Approach Solution -2

Sort the four names into two buckets, missile programmes and nuclear tests, and then narrow down by year.

  1. Prithvi: a missile.
  2. Surya: a missile.
  3. Pokhran-II: a nuclear test, but the 1998 round.
  4. Smiling Buddha: a nuclear test, the 1974 round.

Removing the missile bucket leaves two nuclear tests, and only the 1974 one matches the year given in the question.

The correct answer is Smiling Buddha.

Was this answer helpful?
0
Question: 5

NaviC covers India and a region extending:

Show Hint

NavIC coverage radius → 1,500 km beyond India’s borders.
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
  • 1,500 km
  • 2,000 km
  • 7,000 km
  • 1,000 km
Show Solution

The Correct Option is A

Approach Solution - 1

NaviC was designed as a regional system, so first rule out any figure that suggests global reach, then match the exact design number.

  1. 7,000 km: too large for a "regional" system, ruled out.
  2. 2,000 km and 1,000 km: plausible-sounding but do not match ISRO's stated specification.
  3. 1,500 km: matches the coverage figure ISRO has given for the zone beyond India's borders.

The correct option is 1,500 km.

Was this answer helpful?
0
Show Solution

Approach Solution -2

Line the four numbers up and sort them by whether they overshoot or undershoot NaviC's actual design radius.

  1. 7,000 km: overshoots badly, closer to a global-system range.
  2. 2,000 km: overshoots slightly.
  3. 1,000 km: undershoots.
  4. 1,500 km: sits exactly at ISRO's stated figure for coverage beyond India's borders.

Only one figure lines up exactly with the real specification instead of over or under it.

The correct answer is 1,500 km.

Was this answer helpful?
0

Top Questions on Reading Comprehension

Questions Asked in CLAT exam

Read the passage and answer the question.

Passage (extract): The work which Gandhiji had taken up was not only regarding the achievement of political freedom but also the establishment of a new social order based on truth and non-violence, unity and peace, equality and universal brotherhood and maximum freedom for all. A new order cannot be established without radically changing the mind and attitude of men towards property and, at some stage or the other, the 'haves' have to yield place to the 'have-nots'. We have seen, in our time, attempts to achieve a kind of egalitarian society and the picture of it after it was achieved. But this was done, by and large, through the use of physical force. It may even be that, like a gas kept confined within containers under great pressure, or water held back by a big dam, once the barrier breaks, the reaction will one day sweep back with a violence equal in extent and intensity to what was used to establish and maintain the outward egalitarian form. This enforced egalitarianism contains, in its bosom, the seed of its own destruction. If egalitarianism is to endure, it has to be based not on the possession of the maximum material goods by a few or by all but on voluntary, enlightened renunciation of those goods which cannot be shared by others or can be enjoyed only at the expense of others.

According to the passage, egalitarianism will not survive if
View Solution
Read the passage and answer the question.

Passage (extract): The work which Gandhiji had taken up was not only regarding the achievement of political freedom but also the establishment of a new social order based on truth and non-violence, unity and peace, equality and universal brotherhood and maximum freedom for all. This unfinished part of his experiment was perhaps even more difficult to achieve than the achievement of political freedom. In the political struggle, the fight was against a foreign power and all one could do was either join it or wish it success and give it his/her moral support. In establishing a social order on this pattern, there was a strong possibility of a conflict arising between diverse groups and classes of our own people.

According to the passage, which was the unfinished part of Gandhi's experiment?
View Solution
Read the passage and answer the question.

Passage (extract): In the political struggle, the fight was against a foreign power and all one could do was either join it or wish it success and give it his/her moral support. Experience shows that man values his possessions even more than his life because in the former he sees the means for perpetuation and survival of his descendants even after his body is reduced to ashes. We have seen, in our time, attempts to achieve a kind of egalitarian society and the picture of it after it was achieved. But this was done, by and large, through the use of physical force. This enforced egalitarianism contains, in its bosom, the seed of its own destruction. The root cause of class conflict is possessiveness or the acquisitive instinct.

Which of the following statements is 'not true' in the context of the passage?
View Solution