Comprehension
When we hear the name SPACE, only one organization comes to mind: the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), located in Bengaluru, is the country's first space agency. ISRO was founded in 1969 with the goal of developing and utilizing space technology for national development while also conducting planetary exploration and space science research. The space research operations began in India in the early 1960s, at a time when satellite applications were still in the experimental stages in the United States. Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the founding father of India's space programme, rapidly recognized the benefits of space technologies after the live transmission of the Tokyo Olympic Games across the Pacific by the American satellite 'Syncom-3' demonstrated the power of communication satellites. The ISRO has launched various spacecrafts like the Chandrayaan, Astrosat, Microsat, GSAT etc. The Government of India has also approved a regional spaceborne navigation system, which will consist of seven satellites. Out of these, four of them will be placed in geosynchronous inclined orbit of 29° relative to the equatorial plane. Such an arrangement would mean all seven satellites would have continuous radio visibility with Indian control stations.
Question: 1

Name the first dedicated mission launched by ISRO for studying the celestial sources in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands simultaneously.

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • Amazonia
  • Astrosat
  • Gaganyaan-1
  • Lunar Polar Exploration Mission
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

The key phrase to match here is "simultaneously in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands," this is the defining feature of a MULTI-WAVELENGTH space observatory, a specific type of mission.

Among the four names, only AstroSat fits that description, it is ISRO's first dedicated multi-wavelength astronomy satellite, built specifically to study celestial sources across several wavelength bands at once. Amazonia is an earth-observation satellite (not celestial astronomy), Gaganyaan is India's human spaceflight programme (not an observatory), and the Lunar Polar Exploration Mission targets the Moon's surface, not distant celestial sources across multiple wavelengths.

Matching the mission type to its defining feature gives Astrosat as the correct answer.

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Question: 2

APPLE, the first communication satellite of ISRO was launched from:

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota
  • TERLS, Thiruvananthapuram
  • Kourou, French Guiana
  • SSLV Launching Station, Tamil Nadu
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

A useful shortcut here is the satellite's own name: APPLE stands for Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment, and "Ariane" is the name of the European rocket family, not an Indian one.

Ariane rockets have always launched from the European Space Agency's spaceport at Kourou, French Guiana, so a satellite launched "as a passenger payload" on an Ariane rocket in 1981, before India had its own heavy-lift capability, would have flown from that same site.
This rules out the Indian sites (Sriharikota, Thiruvananthapuram, and the more recent SSLV station), none of which hosted Ariane launches.

The correct answer is therefore Kourou, French Guiana.

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Question: 3

Name the spacecraft that has been successfully sent into the space to probe into the planets in the solar system.

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • Sputnik 19
  • Cosmos 482
  • Pioneer-E
  • Mariner 10
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

The question isn't just asking which spacecraft was AIMED at a planet, it's asking which one actually SUCCEEDED, so the deciding factor is mission outcome, not mission intent.

Sputnik 19 and Cosmos 482 were both Soviet Venus probes that suffered upper-stage failures and never left Earth orbit. Pioneer-E never even reached space, it was lost in a launch vehicle failure.
Mariner 10, by contrast, launched successfully in 1973 and went on to fly by Venus and then Mercury, becoming the first spacecraft to reach Mercury.

Since it's the only one of the four that actually completed a planetary encounter, the correct answer is Mariner 10.

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Question: 4

The first successful Nuclear Bomb test conducted by India in 1974, is called the:

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • Prithvi
  • Pokhran-II
  • Smiling Buddha
  • Surya
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

India's first successful nuclear test took place on 18 May 1974 at the Pokhran range in Rajasthan, and it was carried out under the codename Smiling Buddha. The government of the time referred to it as a peaceful nuclear explosion, and the test made India the sixth nation to demonstrate a successful nuclear detonation.

  1. Smiling Buddha: This is the correct codename for the 1974 test, matching both the year and the description given.
  2. Prithvi: This name belongs to a missile programme launched in the late 1980s, unrelated to any nuclear test.
  3. Pokhran-II: This term describes India's second round of nuclear tests, conducted in 1998, not 1974.
  4. Surya: This name is linked to a missile development project rather than a nuclear detonation.

So, the correct answer is Smiling Buddha.

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Question: 5

NaviC covers India and region extending:

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • 1,500 Km
  • 2,000 Km
  • 7,000 Km
  • 1,000 Km
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) is India's indigenous regional satellite navigation system, built to serve the country and its immediate neighbourhood rather than the entire globe. Its coverage is defined as the Indian landmass plus a surrounding region extending 1,500 km beyond the border.

  1. 1,500 Km: This is the correct, officially stated extent of NavIC's regional coverage.
  2. 2,000 Km and 7,000 Km: Both of these are too large for a system explicitly built as regional rather than global; a 7,000 km range in particular would rival global positioning systems, which is not NavIC's design goal.
  3. 1,000 Km: This falls short of NavIC's actual documented service buffer.

Hence, the correct answer is 1,500 Km.

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Top Questions on Science and Technology

Questions Asked in CLAT exam

Read the passage and answer the question.

Passage (extract): The work which Gandhiji had taken up was not only regarding the achievement of political freedom but also the establishment of a new social order based on truth and non-violence, unity and peace, equality and universal brotherhood and maximum freedom for all. A new order cannot be established without radically changing the mind and attitude of men towards property and, at some stage or the other, the 'haves' have to yield place to the 'have-nots'. We have seen, in our time, attempts to achieve a kind of egalitarian society and the picture of it after it was achieved. But this was done, by and large, through the use of physical force. It may even be that, like a gas kept confined within containers under great pressure, or water held back by a big dam, once the barrier breaks, the reaction will one day sweep back with a violence equal in extent and intensity to what was used to establish and maintain the outward egalitarian form. This enforced egalitarianism contains, in its bosom, the seed of its own destruction. If egalitarianism is to endure, it has to be based not on the possession of the maximum material goods by a few or by all but on voluntary, enlightened renunciation of those goods which cannot be shared by others or can be enjoyed only at the expense of others.

According to the passage, egalitarianism will not survive if
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Read the passage and answer the question.

Passage (extract): The work which Gandhiji had taken up was not only regarding the achievement of political freedom but also the establishment of a new social order based on truth and non-violence, unity and peace, equality and universal brotherhood and maximum freedom for all. This unfinished part of his experiment was perhaps even more difficult to achieve than the achievement of political freedom. In the political struggle, the fight was against a foreign power and all one could do was either join it or wish it success and give it his/her moral support. In establishing a social order on this pattern, there was a strong possibility of a conflict arising between diverse groups and classes of our own people.

According to the passage, which was the unfinished part of Gandhi's experiment?
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Read the passage and answer the question.

Passage (extract): In the political struggle, the fight was against a foreign power and all one could do was either join it or wish it success and give it his/her moral support. Experience shows that man values his possessions even more than his life because in the former he sees the means for perpetuation and survival of his descendants even after his body is reduced to ashes. We have seen, in our time, attempts to achieve a kind of egalitarian society and the picture of it after it was achieved. But this was done, by and large, through the use of physical force. This enforced egalitarianism contains, in its bosom, the seed of its own destruction. The root cause of class conflict is possessiveness or the acquisitive instinct.

Which of the following statements is 'not true' in the context of the passage?
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