Step 1: Harappan City Planning Overview.
Indus Valley Civilization cities (e.g., Mohenjodaro, Harappa, Kalibangan) had two primary areas: the Citadel and the Lower Town.
Step 2: Citadel Characteristics.
The Citadel was an elevated, fortified section built on a platform. It contained key public structures like the Great Bath, granaries, and assembly halls, representing authority and offering flood protection.
Step 3: Option Evaluation.
- (A) Lower part: Incorrect; refers to residential zones, not the Citadel.
- (B) Middle part: Incorrect; Harappan cities primarily featured two sections, not a "middle part."
- (C) Upper part: Correct; the Citadel was the elevated upper section.
- (D) River part: Incorrect; while settlements were near rivers, the Citadel wasn't the river area.
Step 4: Summary.
The Citadel was the fortified, elevated section within Harappan cities.