Question

Which of the following statements accurately describes the coinage of ancient India?

• [I.] Ancient Parthian gold coins showed extensive trade in north India.
• [II.] Ancient Roman coins in South India indicated trade beyond borders.
• [III.] Ancient Yaudheyas issued copper coins that highlighted their economic activity.
• [IV.] Ancient Gupta rulers issued silver coins that facilitated trade.

• A. I, II and IV are correct.
• B. II, III and IV are correct.
• C. I, III and IV are correct.
• D. I, II and III are correct.

Hint:

When analyzing ancient coinage, pay attention to the material (gold, silver, copper), region, and cultural or economic significance. Roman coins in South India and tribal issues like those of the Yaudheyas are key indicators of trade and autonomy.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

The analysis of each statement is as follows:

• Statement I is accurate: Excavations in northern India, particularly in Punjab, have yielded Parthian gold coins, demonstrating robust trade relations and economic engagement in the early centuries CE.
• Statement II is accurate: The discovery of numerous Roman gold and silver coins in South India, notably in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, signifies active maritime commerce with the Roman Empire.
• Statement III is accurate: The Yaudheyas, a martial clan, minted copper coins often inscribed with their name and depictions of deities, indicative of local commerce and self-governance.
• Statement IV is inaccurate: Gupta rulers predominantly issued gold coinage (not silver) featuring deities and regal imagery, serving ceremonial and transactional roles. While silver coins emerged later, they were not prevalent in the earlier Gupta era.

Consequently, only Statements I, II, and III are substantiated.