The periodic table is organised to classify elements into periods and groups so that elements with similar properties are placed together.
The arrangement is based mainly on:
Increasing atomic number.
Similarity in electronic configuration of the valence shell.
Purpose of This Organisation
To make the study of the properties of 100+ elements and their many compounds simple and systematic.
Instead of studying each element separately, we can study them as families/groups with similar chemical behaviour (e.g., alkali metals, halogens).
In Simple Words
The basic theme is to arrange elements in an orderly way (by atomic number and electronic configuration) so that periodic repetition of similar properties becomes clear, and elements with similar properties fall in the same vertical groups.
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