Step 1: Introduce Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory.
Frederick Herzberg proposed that workplace factors fall into two categories: Motivators (which create job satisfaction and drive performance) and Hygiene factors (which, if absent, create dissatisfaction but do not motivate on their own).
Step 2: List examples of Hygiene factors.
Company policies, supervision quality, salary, working conditions, interpersonal relations, and job security are all hygiene factors. These are the basic expectations an employee has.
Step 3: List examples of Motivators.
Achievement, recognition, the work itself, growth opportunities, and advancement are motivators. These push employees to give their best.
Step 4: Match each option to the correct category.
"Factors that motivate employees intrinsically" describes Motivators, not hygiene. "Opportunities for growth and advancement" are classic Motivators. "Rewards for high achievement" like recognition are also Motivators.
Step 5: Identify the correct definition of Hygiene factors.
"Basic factors whose absence causes dissatisfaction" perfectly matches Herzberg's description. Hygiene factors are the minimum conditions an employee expects. Their presence does not excite, but their absence hurts morale.
Step 6: Confirm the answer.
Hygiene factors are the foundational conditions that prevent dissatisfaction when present.
\[ \boxed{ \text{(B) Basic factors whose absence causes dissatisfaction} } \]