The Gattermann-Koch reaction is used in the industrial preparation of benzaldehyde. The electrophile involved in this reaction is
HCO+
- HCl + CO$_2$ + anhydrous AlCl$_3$
CO+
- CO + anhydrous AlCl$_3$
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Benzaldehyde is synthesized from benzene using the Gattermann-Koch reaction, an electrophilic aromatic substitution. This process requires generating an electrophile that then reacts with the benzene ring. To determine the correct electrophile, consider the following options:
- HCO+
- HCl + CO2 + anhydrous AlCl3
- CO+
- CO + anhydrous AlCl3
In the Gattermann-Koch reaction, the electrophile is produced when carbon monoxide (CO) interacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, typically anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl3). This interaction forms the formyl cation (HCO+), which subsequently functions as the electrophile, reacting with benzene to yield benzaldehyde.
Consequently, the specific electrophile participating in the Gattermann-Koch reaction is: HCO+.
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