Question

The correct statements among the following are.

A. Basic vanadium oxide is used in the manufacture of $H_2SO_4$.
B. The spin-only magnetic moment value of the transition metal halide employed in Ziegler-Natta polymerization is 2.84 BM.
C. The p-block metal compound employed in Ziegler-Natta polymerization has the metal in +3 oxidation state.
D. The number of electrons present in the outer most 'd' orbital of metal halide employed in Wacker process is 8.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A and B Only
• B. A, C and D Only
• C. C and D Only
• D. B, C and D Only

Hint:

Identify the catalysts: $V_2O_5$ (amphoteric) for $H_2SO_4$; $TiCl_4/AlEt_3$ for Ziegler-Natta; $PdCl_2$ ($Pd^{2+}$ is $d^8$) for Wacker process.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Let's break down the industrial processes mentioned:

Step 1: Identify the catalyst in $H_2SO_4$ production. The Contact process uses $V_2O_5$. Vanadium ($+5$) in $V_2O_5$ makes it an amphoteric oxide that behaves mostly as an acid. It is not 'basic vanadium oxide'. Therefore, statement A is false.

Step 2: Analyze the Ziegler-Natta Catalyst components. This catalyst is a mixture of Triethylaluminium ($Al(Et)_3$) and Titanium tetrachloride ($TiCl_4$).
- For the p-block part (Al): Aluminium is a p-block metal. In $Al(C_2H_5)_3$, it has an oxidation state of $+3$. This makes statement C true.
- For the transition metal part (Ti): In $TiCl_4$, $Ti$ is $+4$, which is $d^0$ (0 unpaired electrons, $\mu = 0$). Even in $TiCl_3$, $Ti$ is $+3$, which is $d^1$ (1 unpaired electron, $\mu = 1.73\text{ BM}$). Neither fits the $2.84\text{ BM}$ value (which requires 2 unpaired electrons). Thus, statement B is false.

Step 3: Examine the Wacker process catalyst. The Wacker process uses $PdCl_2$. Palladium belongs to the $4d$ series ($Z=46$). Its neutral configuration is $[Kr] 4d^{10}$. In $PdCl_2$, the metal is in the $+2$ oxidation state.
The configuration of $Pd^{2+}$ is:

$$[Kr] 4d^{10-2} = [Kr] 4d^8$$

This confirms there are 8 electrons in the 'd' orbital. So, statement D is true.

Conclusion: Statements C and D are correct. This corresponds to Option 3.