Comprehension
The agriculture sector has experienced buoyant growth in the past two years. The sector, which is the largest employer of workforce, accounted for a sizeable 18.8 per cent (2021- 22) in Gross Value Added (GVA) of the country registering a growth of 3.6 per cent in 2020-21 and 3.9 per cent in 2021-22. Growth in allied sectors including livestock, dairy and fisheries has been the major drivers of overall growth in the sector. When measured in total value of agricultural production, India is ranked fourth largest in the world. Post-independence, there was a need to import food grains due to low-productivity, stagnant food-crop sector and poor rural infrastructure making food self-sufficiency a major national goal. The introduction of the Green Revolution then yielded spectacular results and we became one of the largest producers of many agricultural commodities such as rice, wheat, pulses, fruits and vegetables. From being a net importer of foods in the 1960s, India is now a net exporter, thanks to Indian farmers and the Indian agriculture input industry.
[Extracted, with edits and revisions, from: “India’s changing agricultural landscape and its way to inclusive growth”, by NS Ramaswamy, The Economic Times]
Question: 1

Which of the following is the largest exported agricultural product from India?

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • Wheat
  • Sugar
  • Rice
  • Barley
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Ranking these four by rough export scale, rather than picking blindly, quickly narrows things down.

  1. Wheat: a moderate exporter, but domestic buffer stock needs keep exportable volumes and value lower than the top export earners.
  2. Sugar: a strong and growing export, but still smaller in total value than the top agricultural export.
  3. Rice: India has held the position of the world's largest rice exporter for years, and rice is consistently the single biggest earner among India's farm exports.
  4. Barley: a minor crop for export purposes, used mostly at home, so it is the smallest of the four by far.

Placed side by side, rice clearly sits above the other three in both volume and export earnings.

Therefore, the correct answer is Rice.

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Question: 2

According to provisional data released by the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics, India achieved record exports of agricultural exports for the financial year FY22. What was the value of India’s agricultural products exports according to this data?

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • USD 7.5 billion
  • USD 95.34 billion
  • USD 13.2 billion
  • USD 50.21 billion
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

With a figures-based question like this, it helps to recall the scale of the actual event being described, a "record" year, and check which number fits that scale.

  1. USD 7.5 billion: too small to be described as a national agricultural export record.
  2. USD 95.34 billion: too large, this would represent a far bigger figure than agriculture alone contributes to India's exports.
  3. USD 13.2 billion: also too small for a headline "record" figure covering the whole agricultural export basket.
  4. USD 50.21 billion: sits at the right scale, this is the figure that made headlines as India's agricultural exports crossing $50 billion for FY22.

Testing each figure against what a genuine national export record would look like leaves only one realistic match.

Therefore, the correct answer is USD 50.21 billion.

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Question: 3

Who among the following is also called the ‘Father of the Wheat Revolution’?

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • Dilbagh Singh Athwal
  • Verghese Kurien
  • Atmaram Bhairav Joshi
  • Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Each name here is well known for a different, specific field, so matching "wheat" to the right field settles the question.

  1. Dilbagh Singh Athwal: field is wheat breeding, the one that matches the question directly.
  2. Verghese Kurien: field is dairy, he is remembered for milk cooperatives and the White Revolution, a different revolution altogether.
  3. Atmaram Bhairav Joshi: field is ornithology and wildlife science, nothing to do with crops.
  4. Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar: field is general scientific research administration through CSIR, not wheat breeding specifically.

Since only one of the four names has wheat as his actual area of work, he is the only possible match for "Father of the Wheat Revolution."

Therefore, the correct answer is Dilbagh Singh Athwal.

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Question: 4

India is the world’s largest producer of which of the following?

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • Poultry meat
  • Rice
  • Almonds
  • Milk
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

For each item, it helps to ask which country actually leads global production, then check if India is that country.

  1. Poultry meat: led by the United States and China, India is a large but not the top producer.
  2. Rice: led by China in raw production volume, India is a close second and the top exporter, but not the top producer.
  3. Almonds: led by the United States, India's output is small in comparison.
  4. Milk: led by India itself, the country has topped world milk production for years running.

Checking who actually leads each category shows India only tops the list for one of the four.

Therefore, the correct answer is Milk.

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Question: 5

What is India’s ranking in the 2022 Global Hunger Index?

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • 10
  • 107
  • 50
  • 35
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

This is a straightforward figure-recall question, so the check is simply which number matches the reported 2022 ranking rather than a plausible-sounding distractor.

  1. 10: would mean a very strong performance on hunger, not what was reported for India in 2022.
  2. 107: matches the actual reported rank, out of 121 countries assessed in the 2022 index, which became a widely discussed news story.
  3. 50: a moderate rank that does not match the reported figure.
  4. 35: also does not match, and again would suggest a considerably better standing than what was actually reported.

Since only one of the four numbers is the figure that was actually published, that is the one to pick.

Therefore, the correct answer is 107.

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Question: 6

The National Commission on Farmers, constituted in December 2004, which recommended the C2+50% formula for calculation of the Minimum Support Price, was chaired by:

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • Ashok Gulati
  • P. Sainath
  • M.S. Swaminathan
  • Abhijit Sen
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

This commission is commonly referred to by its chairperson's name in policy discussions, so recalling that name directly answers the question.

  1. Ashok Gulati: an economist associated with farm pricing research generally, not this commission.
  2. P. Sainath: a journalist covering agrarian distress, not a government commission chair here.
  3. M.S. Swaminathan: the commission is in fact widely known as the "Swaminathan Commission" precisely because he chaired it, and the C2+50% MSP formula traces back to its report.
  4. Abhijit Sen: another agricultural policy figure, but not the head of this commission.

Since the commission carries Swaminathan's name in common usage, that is the direct giveaway to the answer.

Therefore, the correct answer is M.S. Swaminathan.

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Question: 7

The bio-decomposer technology to avoid stubble burning around the Delhi NCR was developed by:

Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
  • Monsanto
  • Cargill
  • Biocon
  • ICAR, Pusa Campus
Show Solution

The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Sorting the four options by what kind of organisation each one is quickly shows which one fits a government agricultural research development.

  1. Monsanto: a private multinational seed and agrochemical company, not the source of this particular public research solution.
  2. Cargill: a private multinational trading and food processing company, again not an agricultural research body behind this technology.
  3. Biocon: a private biopharma company focused on medicine, not crop residue management.
  4. ICAR, Pusa Campus: a public agricultural research institute, exactly the kind of body that develops and promotes solutions like the Pusa Decomposer for stubble management, and this is the one credited with it.

Since the bio-decomposer is a public agricultural research product rather than a private company's, only the research institute option fits.

Therefore, the correct answer is ICAR, Pusa Campus.

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