Pasteurized milk at filling is generally saturated with about _____ ppm of oxygen, but if no additional oxygen can gain access, its content falls and the rate of adverse reactions slows or stops.
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The solubility of oxygen in milk at cold storage temperatures (4\(^\circ\text{C}\)) is approximately 8 to 9 ppm. Standard plastic and cardboard packaging must provide a barrier to prevent additional oxygen ingress during shelf life.