Question

Match List I with List II

LIST I		LIST II
A	Isothermal Process	I	Work done by the gas decreases internal energy
B	Adiabatic Process	II	No change in internal energy
C	Isochoric Process	III	The heat absorbed goes partly to increase internal energy and partly to do work
D	Isobaric Process	IV	No work is done on or by the gas

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
• B. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
• C. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
• D. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The given problem is about matching different thermodynamic processes with their corresponding characteristics. Let's examine each process and match it with the correct description provided in List II.

1. Isothermal Process:

   In an isothermal process, the temperature of the system remains constant. According to the first law of thermodynamics, the work done by or on the gas does not change the internal energy because temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles. Therefore, any work done by the gas must be equal to the heat absorbed since there is no change in internal energy.

   Thus, this corresponds to II - No change in internal energy.

2. Adiabatic Process:

   An adiabatic process is where no heat exchange occurs with the surroundings (Q=0). In this scenario, any work done by the gas results in a decrease in the internal energy of the gas, as work is done at the expense of internal energy.

   This matches with I - Work done by the gas decreases internal energy.

3. Isochoric Process:

   In an isochoric process (constant volume), no work is done as the volume does not change (W=0). Hence, any heat added to the system changes only the internal energy.

   This is consistent with IV - No work is done on or by the gas.

4. Isobaric Process:

   In an isobaric process, the pressure remains constant. The heat absorbed by the system is used for both increasing the internal energy and doing work (as both temperature and volume might change).

   This aligns with III - The heat absorbed goes partly to increase internal energy and partly to do work.

Therefore, the matching is as follows:

• A-II: Isothermal Process - No change in internal energy
• B-I: Adiabatic Process - Work done by the gas decreases internal energy
• C-IV: Isochoric Process - No work is done on or by the gas
• D-III: Isobaric Process - The heat absorbed goes partly to increase internal energy and partly to do work

Thus, the correct answer is A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III.