Question

Maximum IE and minimum IE of group 13 elements are:

• A. B, In
• B. B, Tl
• C. Al, In
• D. Al, Tl

Hint:

Ionization energy generally decreases down a group due to increased atomic size and electron shielding, and increases across a period due to increased nuclear charge.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The energy necessary to detach an electron from a gaseous atom or molecule is termed ionization energy (IE). Atomic size, effective nuclear charge, and electron shielding collectively govern the ionization energy trends for group 13 elements.- Boron (B): As the smallest atom in group 13 with a high effective nuclear charge (due to fewer electron shells), Boron exhibits the highest ionization energy within the group.- Indium (In): Situated lower in group 13 than Boron, Indium possesses a larger atomic radius and greater electron shielding, resulting in a lower ionization energy.- Aluminum (Al): Positioned mid-group, Aluminum's ionization energy is less than Boron's but greater than that of Indium and Thallium.- Thallium (Tl): Located at the group's base, Thallium is characterized by a substantial atomic size and significant electron shielding, leading to a considerably lower ionization energy compared to Boron.Consequently, Boron (B) displays the maximum ionization energy, while Thallium (Tl) exhibits the minimum.Therefore, the correct selection is (2) B, Tl.