Question

Maximum IE and minimum IE of group 13 elements are:

• A. B, In
• B. B, Tl
• C. Al, In
• D. Al, Tl

Hint:

Ionization energy generally decreases down a group due to increased atomic size and electron shielding, and increases across a period due to increased nuclear charge.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Ionization energy (IE) is the energy needed to detach an electron from a gaseous atom or molecule. For group 13 elements, atomic size, effective nuclear charge, and electron shielding dictate IE trends.- Boron (B): Boron exhibits the smallest atomic size and a high effective nuclear charge within group 13 due to its limited electron shells. Consequently, it possesses the highest ionization energy in the group.- Indium (In): Situated lower in group 13 than Boron, Indium has a larger atomic radius and increased electron shielding, resulting in a lower ionization energy.- Aluminum (Al): Positioned centrally in the group, Aluminum's ionization energy is lower than Boron's but higher than Indium's and Thallium's.- Thallium (Tl): Thallium, at the group's base, has a substantial atomic size and significant electron shielding, leading to a considerably lower ionization energy compared to Boron.Boron (B) displays the maximum ionization energy, while Thallium (Tl) exhibits the minimum.Consequently, the correct answer is (2) B, Tl.