Question

Match correctly with the reagents given in column-I with organic compounds given in column-II.

Column-I (Name of test)	Column-II (Pair of compounds)
(i) Neutral $FeCl_3$ test	(P) Aldehyde vs Ketone pairs
(ii) Isocyanide test $CHCl_3 + KOH/\Delta$	(Q) Phenol vs Ethanol pairs
(iii) Ammonical silver nitrate test	(R) Primary amine vs Secondary amine pairs
(iv) $NaHCO_3$ test	(S) Carboxylic acid vs Phenol pairs

• (1) (i)-Q, (ii)-R, (iii)-P, (iv)-S
• (2) (i)-P, (ii)-Q, (iii)-R, (iv)-S
• (3) (i)-R, (ii)-S, (iii)-Q, (iv)-P
• (4) (i)-S, (ii)-R, (iii)-Q, (iv)-P

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Qualitative analysis of organic compounds using specific reagents.

RATIONALE:
1. Phenols react with $FeCl_3$ ($1^{st}$ reagent) to give violet color; alcohols do not. This distinguishes pair Q.
2. Primary amines react in the Carbylamine test ($2^{nd}$ reagent) while secondary amines don't. This distinguishes pair R.
3. Tollen's reagent ($3^{rd}$ reagent) oxidizes aldehydes to give a silver mirror but doesn't react with ketones. This distinguishes pair P.
4. Sodium bicarbonate ($4^{th}$ reagent) reacts with strong acids (COOH) to evolve $CO_2$ gas but doesn't react with weaker acids like phenols. This distinguishes pair S.

The correct sequence is (i)-Q, (ii)-R, (iii)-P, (iv)-S, which corresponds to option (1).