Question

Inducing the formation of various vegetative organs from cells or tissues in plant tissue culture is called -

• A. Somatic embryogenesis
• B. Dedifferentiation
• C. Organogenesis
• D. Somatic hybridization

Hint:

Differentiate between the two main pathways of plant regeneration in vitro: {Organogenesis} (forms organs like shoots/roots, often sequentially) and {Somatic Embryogenesis} (forms bipolar structures resembling zygotic embryos).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Concept Overview:
The question identifies the plant tissue culture term for the development of vegetative structures (roots, shoots, leaves) from a cell mass or tissue piece (explant).
Step 2: Detailed Terminology:
Definitions within plant tissue culture:
Somatic embryogenesis: Embryo formation from somatic cells, bypassing gamete fusion. Resulting embryos can become plants. It produces embryos, not directly organs.
Dedifferentiation: Specialized cells revert to an embryonic, meristematic state, often forming a callus (an unorganized cell mass). This precedes organ formation.
Organogenesis: Literally, "organ creation." In plant tissue culture, it's the development of organs (shoots, roots, flowers) from a callus or directly from an explant, precisely as described in the question.
Somatic hybridization: Fusion of protoplasts from different plant species to create a hybrid cell, which can be regenerated into a hybrid plant.
Step 3: Conclusion:
The correct term for inducing and forming vegetative organs from cultured cells or tissues is organogenesis.