Question

Mention hormones that are used for promoting growth and cell division of plant cells in culture.

Hint:

Auxins and cytokinins are key hormones in plant tissue culture; auxins promote root and callus formation, cytokinins stimulate cell division and shoot development.

Answer 1

Plant cell and tissue culture commonly utilizes these hormones for growth and cell division promotion:

• Auxins (e.g., Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)) drive cell elongation, root initiation, and callus development.
• Cytokinins (e.g., Kinetin, Benzylaminopurine (BAP)) facilitate cell division and shoot multiplication.
• The ratio of auxins to cytokinins dictates differentiation and organogenesis within the culture.