Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Coding and Decoding tests the ability to recognize patterns in transformations. The letters of a word are transformed into another set of letters based on a specific logic, such as positional shifting (forward or backward) or reversing.
The standard method is to identify the shift of each character in the reference word relative to the English alphabet.
Key Formula or Approach:
Analyze the relationship between each letter of 'APPLE' and 'BQQMF'.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's map the first pair:
A $\rightarrow$ B (Position 1 $\rightarrow$ 2, shift of +1)
P $\rightarrow$ Q (Position 16 $\rightarrow$ 17, shift of +1)
P $\rightarrow$ Q (Position 16 $\rightarrow$ 17, shift of +1)
L $\rightarrow$ M (Position 12 $\rightarrow$ 13, shift of +1)
E $\rightarrow$ F (Position 5 $\rightarrow$ 6, shift of +1)
The pattern is clearly a uniform forward shift of 1 for every single letter.
Now, apply this same pattern to the word 'ORANGE':
O + 1 = P
R + 1 = S
A + 1 = B
N + 1 = O
G + 1 = H
E + 1 = F
Combining these letters, we get the code: PSBOHF.
Step 3: Final Answer:
ORANGE will be coded as PSBOHF. Thus, Option (A) is the correct choice.