Question

Statement: All flowers are beautiful. Some beautiful things are fragile.
Conclusion I: Some flowers are fragile. 
Conclusion II: All beautiful things are flowers.

• A. Only I follows
• B. Only II follows
• C. Both follow
• D. Neither follows

Hint:

Avoid assuming overlaps in logical reasoning unless explicitly stated.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Statement Translation
- Statement 1: “All flowers are beautiful.”
Logical form: All F are B (F = flowers, B = beautiful things).
- Statement 2: “Some beautiful things are fragile.”
Logical form: Some B are Fr (Fr = fragile things).

Step 2: Conclusion I Assessment
- Conclusion I: “Some flowers are fragile.”
Logical form: Some F are Fr.
Given “All F are B” and “Some B are Fr,” it cannot be deduced that the subset of beautiful things that are fragile also contains flowers. These fragile beautiful things could be other items, such as glass vases. Therefore, Conclusion I is not a necessary inference.

Step 3: Conclusion II Assessment
- Conclusion II: “All beautiful things are flowers.”
Logical form: All B are F.
The initial statement asserts that all flowers are beautiful (All F are B), not the converse that all beautiful things are flowers. Numerous beautiful entities, such as paintings, are not flowers. This represents a logical reversal and is incorrect. Conclusion II is not a valid inference.

Step 4: Final Determination
Neither conclusion is logically supported.