Question

Identify the name reaction

• A. Stephen reaction
• B. Etard reaction
• C. Gatterman-koch reaction
• D. Rosenmund reduction

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

The image illustrates the Gatterman-Koch reaction, a process for formylating aromatic compounds such as benzene to yield benzaldehyde.

1. This reaction employs carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen chloride (HCl), facilitated by a Lewis acid catalyst like anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) or cuprous chloride (CuCl).
2. Its primary objective is the addition of an aldehyde group (–CHO) to the aromatic ring.

Explanation:

Typically, CO and HCl are bubbled through a solution containing the aromatic compound and the catalyst. When benzene is the substrate, the Gatterman-Koch reaction produces benzaldehyde:

Reaction: C₆H₆ + CO + HCl → C₆H₅CHO

This one-step method is highly efficient for converting benzene directly into benzaldehyde.

This method differs from the following reactions:

• Stephen reaction: Converts nitriles to aldehydes.
• Etard reaction: Oxidizes aromatic methyl groups to aldehydes using chromyl chloride.
• Rosenmund reduction: Reduces acyl chlorides to aldehydes via hydrogen and a palladium catalyst.

Therefore, the appropriate designation is the Gatterman-Koch reaction.