Identify correct statement(s):
(i) \( \text{Ar–Cl} \) and \( \text{R–Cl} \) show similar chemical properties.
(ii) Rate of \( S_N^1 \) \( C_6H_5CH_2–Cl<C_6H_5–CH–C_6H_5 \)
(iii) Alcohol is more polar than water, so alcoholic KOH shows elimination reaction.
(iv) Vinyl alcohol is an alkene, whereas allyl alcohol is an alkyne.
(v) Alcohol with SOC\(_2\) gives alkyl halide, but phenol does not give.
Show Hint
In substitution reactions, the stability of the carbocation determines the rate of the reaction. Vinyl alcohol and allyl alcohol differ in their structure, affecting their reactivity.
Step 1: Analyze statement (i).
The statement claims that \( \text{Ar–Cl} \) and \( \text{R–Cl} \) show similar chemical properties. This is incorrect because aromatic chlorides (\( \text{Ar–Cl} \)) are much less reactive in nucleophilic substitution reactions than alkyl chlorides (\( \text{R–Cl} \)) due to the stability provided by the aromatic ring. Hence, statement (i) is incorrect.
Step 2: Analyze statement (ii).
The statement compares the rate of \( S_N^1 \) reactions for different alkyl halides. The rate of an \( S_N^1 \) reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation. The given order \( C_6H_5CH_2–Cl<C_6H_5–CH–C_6H_5 \) is correct because the \( C_6H_5CH_2–Cl \) (benzyl chloride) forms a more stable carbocation than the other structure. Hence, statement (ii) is correct.
Step 3: Analyze statement (iii).
Alcohols are less polar than water, not more polar. Hence, the statement that alcohol is more polar than water and reacts with alcoholic KOH to show elimination is incorrect. Statement (iii) is incorrect.
Step 4: Analyze statement (iv).
Vinyl alcohol (\( \text{CH}_2=\text{CH-OH} \)) is an alkene, whereas allyl alcohol (\( \text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{OH} \)) is an alkene with a hydroxyl group attached to a carbon that is part of a 3-carbon chain, so statement (iv) is incorrect.
Step 5: Analyze statement (v).
Alcohols with SOC\(_2\) give alkyl halides by a reaction called nucleophilic substitution, whereas phenols do not undergo the same reaction, as phenol is less reactive in this respect. Hence, statement (v) is correct.
Step 6: Conclusion.
Therefore, the correct answer is (C), which states that only statement (ii) and (v) are correct.
Final Answer: (C) ii and v statements are correct
