Question

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: \(O_2, Cu^{2+}, \;and\; Fe^{3+}\) are weakly attracted by magnetic field and are magnetized in the same direction as magnetic field.
Statement II: \(NaCl\) and \(H_2O\) are weakly magnetized in opposite directions to the magnetic field.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
• B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
• C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
• D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To determine the correctness of the given statements, we need to understand the magnetic properties of the mentioned substances:

1. Statement I: \(O_2, Cu^{2+}, \;and\; Fe^{3+}\) are weakly attracted by a magnetic field and are magnetized in the same direction as the magnetic field.
   • \(O_2\) (oxygen) is known to be paramagnetic, which means it is weakly attracted by a magnetic field due to the presence of unpaired electrons.
   • \(Cu^{2+}\) (Copper(II) ions) display paramagnetic properties because of the incomplete d-orbital leading to unpaired electrons.
   • \(Fe^{3+}\) (Iron(III) ions) are also paramagnetic due to unpaired electrons in their d-orbitals.
   • Since all these ions and molecules are attracted by a magnetic field and are magnetized in the direction of the magnetic field, Statement I is correct.
2. Statement II: \(NaCl\) and \(H_2O\) are weakly magnetized in opposite directions to the magnetic field.
   • \(NaCl\) (sodium chloride) and \(H_2O\) (water) are diamagnetic substances. Diamagnetic materials are known to be weakly repelled by magnetic fields and are magnetized in the opposite direction to the applied magnetic field.
   • Thus, Statement II is also correct as it accurately describes the diamagnetic nature of these substances.

Conclusion: Both Statement I and Statement II are correct. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is: Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.