Question

Given below are two statements:
Statement (I) : Aminobenzene and aniline are same organic compounds.
Statement (II) : Aminobenzene and aniline are different organic compounds.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
• B. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
• C. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
• D. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The problem presents two assertions concerning the identity of "aminobenzene" and "aniline" and requests the determination of the correct assertion.

Underlying Principle:

This question is predicated on the principles of organic chemical nomenclature, specifically regarding aromatic amines. Organic compounds frequently possess both a common name, historically significant, and a systematic IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) name. Occasionally, a common name is so widely adopted that it is also recognized as an official IUPAC name. The critical step is to correlate the chemical structures associated with both nomenclature conventions.

Detailed Solution:

Step 1: Definition of Aniline.

Aniline denotes the common nomenclature for the organic compound comprising a phenyl group (\(-C_6H_5\)) covalently bonded to an amino group (\(-NH_2\)). Its chemical formula is \(C_6H_5NH_2\). This designation is universally accepted and utilized within academic and industrial contexts. The structural representation is a benzene ring with an appended \( -NH_2 \) group.

Step 2: Definition of Aminobenzene.

Aminobenzene represents the systematic IUPAC designation for the identical compound. The application of nomenclature rules is as follows:

• The foundational hydrocarbon is benzene (\(C_6H_6\)).
• An amino group (\(-NH_2\)) is present as a substituent on the benzene ring.

In accordance with IUPAC regulations, when an \(-NH_2\) group functions as a substituent, the prefix "amino-" is employed. Consequently, the systematic name is formulated by appending this prefix to the parent name, yielding "aminobenzene".

Step 3: Comparative Analysis of the Two Names.

Both "aniline" and "aminobenzene" unequivocally refer to the identical chemical entity: \(C_6H_5NH_2\). Aniline is the common appellation, which is also officially retained by IUPAC as a preferred designation due to its extensive historical prevalence. Aminobenzene is the formal, systematic IUPAC nomenclature.

Given that both names delineate a singular organic compound, the assertion that they are identical is valid.

Step 4: Evaluation of the Provided Assertions.

Assertion (I): "Aminobenzene and aniline are same organic compounds."
This assertion is validated as true, as substantiated in Step 3.

Assertion (II): "Aminobenzene and aniline are different organic compounds."
This assertion is invalidated as false, directly contradicting the conclusion derived in Step 3.

Conclusion:

Following the analytical process, Assertion (I) is confirmed as true, while Assertion (II) is confirmed as false.

Therefore, Assertion (I) is true and Assertion (II) is false.