Question

Assertion (A) : Aromatic primary amines can be prepared by Gabriel Phthalimide synthesis.
Reason (R) : Aryl halides do not undergo nucleophilic substitution with the anion formed by phthalimide.

• A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
• B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
• C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
• D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Hint:

Gabriel Phthalimide synthesis is the preferred method for preparing pure primary aliphatic amines, as it prevents the formation of secondary or tertiary amines.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: What Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is actually built for.
This method makes a primary amine by letting the potassium salt of phthalimide displace a halide from an alkyl halide through an $S_N2$ step, then hydrolysing the product to release the free amine. That $S_N2$ displacement is the heart of the method.
Step 2: Why it cannot reach aromatic amines.
To make something like aniline this way you would need an aryl halide, say chlorobenzene, to react with the phthalimide anion. So the assertion, which claims aromatic primary amines can be made by this route, is false.
Step 3: Checking why aryl halides refuse to react.
The carbon-halogen bond in an aryl halide gains partial double-bond character from resonance with the ring, and the carbon carrying the halogen is $sp^2$ and more electronegative than usual, both of which make that carbon far less open to nucleophilic attack. On top of that, the electron-rich benzene ring itself repels an incoming nucleophile. Because of all this, the phthalimide anion simply cannot push the halide off an aryl ring, so the reason given is true.
Step 4: Matching to the answer codes.
A false assertion paired with a true reason corresponds directly to that specific answer code. \[ \boxed{\text{Assertion false, Reason true}} \]