To analyze the scenario when charge will flow from one sphere to another, we must understand the principles of electrostatics related to conductors and potential difference.
In electrostatics, charge flows from a region of higher potential to a lower potential when a conductive path, like a wire, is provided. However, the configuration of the setup is crucial to determine how the potential difference affects the flow of charge.
- When a smaller sphere (potential 50 V) is placed inside a larger hollow sphere (potential 100 V) and connected by a wire, the key concept to understand is the equalization of potential when connected. Initially, the bigger sphere is at a higher potential.
- In the context of conductors, when a smaller charged conductor is enclosed and connected to a larger hollow conductor, the charge redistribution occurs in such a way that both reach the same potential.
- Here, since the bigger hollow sphere starts with 100 V, the smaller sphere at 50 V is at a lower potential. To equalize their potential, charge will flow from the bigger sphere to the smaller one until both reach the same potential, as the smaller one is placed inside.
- The potential on the surface of a conductor is uniform, and when placed inside another, the inner conductor (smaller in this case) will induce charge on the outer surface (bigger one) to reach equilibrium.
Therefore, the correct option is that charge will flow when the smaller one is placed inside the bigger one and connected by a wire.