List of top Philosophy Questions on Logical Reasoning

Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I (Sentences)	LIST-II (Categorical Propositions)
A. Rarely citizens are voters	I. Some citizens are not voters
B. Citizens are never voters	III. No citizens are voters
C. Almost all citizens are voters	II. All citizens are voters
D. Citizens are always voters	IV. Some citizens are voters

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Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I (Rules of Deduction)	LIST-II (Examples)
A. Modus Ponens	III. P $\Rightarrow$ Q, P, Therefore, Q
B. Modus Tollens	I. P $\Rightarrow$ Q, $\neg$ Q, Therefore, $\neg$ P
C. Hypothetical Syllogism	IV. P $\Rightarrow$ Q, Q $\Rightarrow$ R, Therefore, P $\Rightarrow$ R
D. Disjunctive Syllogism	II. P $\vee$ Q, $\neg$ P, Therefore, Q

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Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I (Book/Theory proposed/Characteristic, etc.)	LIST-II (Author/Thinker/Name of Theory, etc.)
A. Argument Ad Populum	I. Argument Against a Person
B. Argument Ad Misericordiam	II. Appeal to Emotion
C. Argument Ad Hominem	III. Appeal to Pity
D. Argument Ad Baculum	IV. Appeal to Force

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Match the LIST-I with LIST-II \

LIST-I	LIST-II
A. It said fine for parking, so I parked my car here.	I. Petitio Principii
B. She is not famous because she is not well known.	II. Composition
C. I can lift every single part of my car. So, I can lift my car.	III. Equivocation
D. Have you stopped cheating in your exams?	IV. Complex Question

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With reference to the formal proof of validity of the following argument, state the correct order of rules employed.
1. \( P \cdot Q \)
2. \( ( P \vee R ) \supset S / \therefore P \cdot S \)
3. P
4. \( P \vee R \)
5. S
6. \( P \cdot S \)
A. Conjunction
B. Modus Ponens
C. Addition
D. Simplification
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In order to test the validity of an argument form by shorter truth table method, the correct order of steps to be followed are-
A. Assuming the antecedent of the statement to be true and consequent to be false.
B. Assigning consistent truth values to all variables.
C. Assuming the statement to be false.
D. Reducing the argument into a conditional statement form.
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In order to make a truth table for the following statement: \[ P \cdot (Q \vee R) \supset (P \equiv Q) \] if each truth functional connective is represented by the following letters, what would be the correct order of the columns in solving the truth table?
A. \(\cdot\)
B. \(\vee\)
C. \(\supset\)
D. \(\equiv\)
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The notion of Validity/Invalidity is associated with:

Which informal fallacy refers to the ambiguity of a complete statement, not of a word or a phrase?

Which of the following informal fallacies is considered as one of the Fallacies of Presumptions?

Which of the following, in Logic, is not considered as 'Laws of Thought'?

Which term is distributed in the example- "Some students are not scholarship holders"?

Which among the following is the attribute of categorical syllogism?

Which among the following does not belong to the fallacy of relevance?

Which among the following is an attribute of deductive argument?

Which informal fallacy occurs when the 'cited authority' falls short of credibility?

Which informal fallacy is otherwise called Argument Ad Populum?

The correct symbolization of the proposition 'Some flowers are red.' in the form of Predicate calculus is:

In a valid Syllogism, if both the premises are Universal propositions, then the conclusion must be-