Step 1: Reaction type identification. The reaction between an aryl halide and an alkyl halide in the presence of sodium metal in dry ether is the Wurtz-Fittig reaction. It is used to couple aryl and alkyl groups. Step 2: Reagents. The image shows chlorobenzene ($C_6H_5Cl$) and chloromethane ($CH_3Cl$) reacting with sodium ($Na$) in dry ether. Sodium removes the halogen atoms from both reactants. Step 3: Bond formation and equation. Highly reactive organo-sodium intermediates (phenyl and methyl species) combine to form a new C-C bond: \[ C_6H_5Cl + CH_3Cl + 2Na \xrightarrow{\text{dry ether}} C_6H_5CH_3 + 2NaCl \] Step 4: Product. The major product is toluene (methylbenzene, $C_6H_5CH_3$), where the methyl group is directly attached to the benzene ring.
